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A
Activation of alpha-human tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) by human monocytes (THP-1) exposed to 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulphide (H-MG), Arroyo, C. M., Von Tersch R. L., and Broomfield C. A. , Hum Exp Toxicol, Jul, Volume 14, Issue 7, p.547-553, (1995) Abstract
Regulation of vitamin D3 precursors on interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) induced by sulfur mustard (HD) on human skin cells, Arroyo, C. M., Kan R. K., Burman D. L., Kahler D. W., Nelson M., Corun C., Guzman J., and Broomfield C. A. , Pharmalogic Toxicology, Volume 92(5), p.204-213, (2002)
Neutralization effects of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) antibodies on sulfur mustard (HD)-induced IL-6 secretion on human epidermal keratinocytes, Arroyo, C. M., Burman D. L., Sweeney R. E., Broomfield C. A., Ross M. C., and Hackley B. E. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, Volume 201, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, p.1-10, (2004) Abstract
Lewisite (L) an arsenic-derived vesicant chemical warfare agent (CWA), inhibits the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) via a mechanism involving reactive oxygen species (ROS): Implication for mechanism of genotoxicity., Arroyo, C. M., Burman D. L., Kahler D. W., Nelson M. R., Corun C. M., Guzman J. J., Smith M. A., Hackley B. E., Soni S., and Broomfield C. A. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, Volume 200, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, p.1-18, (2004) Abstract
Response of normal human keratinocytes to sulfur mustard: cytokine release, Arroyo, C. M., Schafer R. J., Kurt E. M., Broomfield C. A., and Carmichael A. J. , J Appl Toxicol, Dec, Volume 20 Suppl 1, p.S63-72, (2000) Abstract
Regulation of 1-alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 induced by sulfur mustard (HD) on human skin cells, Arroyo, C. M., Kan R. K., Burman D. L., Kahler D. W., Nelson M. R., Corun C. M., Guzman J. J., and Broomfield C. A. , Pharmacol Toxicol, May, Volume 92, Issue 5, p.204-213, (2003) Abstract
TNF-α expression patterns as potential molecular biomarker for human skin cells exposed to vesicant chemical warfare agents: sulfur mustard (HD) and Lewisite (L)., Arroyo, C. M., Burmon D. L., Kahler D. W., Nelson M. R., Corun C. M., Guzman J. J., Smith M. A., Purcell E. D., Hackley B. E., Soni S., et al. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, Volume 202, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, p.1-21, (2004) Abstract
The role of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in human sulfur mustard (HD) toxicology, Arroyo, C. M., Broomfield C. A., and Hackley, B. E. Jr. , Int J Toxicol, Sep-Oct, Volume 20, Issue 5, p.281-296, (2001) Abstract
Activation of alpha-human tumour necrosis factor (TNF-a) by human monocytes (THP-1) exposed to 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulphide (H-MG), Arroyo, C., Von Tersch R. L., and Broomfield C. A. , Human & Experimental Toxicology, Volume 14(7), p.547-553, (1995) Abstract
Response of normal human keratinocytes to sulfur mustard (HD): cytokine release using a non-enzymatic detachment procedure, Arroyo, C. M., Schafer R. J., Kurt E. M., Broomfield C. A., and Carmichael A. J. , Hum Exp Toxicol, Jan, Volume 18, Issue 1, p.1-11, (1999) Abstract
Neutralization effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) antibodies on sulfur mustard (HD)-induced IL-6 secretion on human epidermal keratinocytes, Arroyo, C. M., Burman D. L., Sweeney R. E., Broomfield C. A., Ross M. C., and Hackley Jr. B. E. , Pentagon Reports, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD, p.9, (2004) Abstract
TNF-a expression patterns as potential molecular biomarker for human skin cells exposed to vesicant chemical warfare agents: sulfur mustard (HD) and Lewisite (L), Arroyo, C. M., Burman D. L., Kahler D. W., Nelson M. R., Corun C. M., Guzman J. J., Smith M. A., Purcell E. D., Hackley, B. E. Jr., Soni S. D., et al. , Cell Biol Toxicol, Nov, Volume 20, Issue 6, p.345-359, (2004) Abstract
Neutralization effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) antibodies on sulfur mustard (HD)-induced IL-6 secretion on human epidermal keratinocytes, Arroyo, C., Burman D. L., Sweeney R. E., Broomfield C. A., Ross M. C., and Hackley B. E. , Environ Toxicol Pharmacol, Volume 17(2), p.87-94, (2004) Abstract
B
Mustard gas crosslinking of proteins through preferential alkylation of cysteines, Byrne, M. P., Broomfield C. A., and Stites W. E. , J Protein Chem, Feb, Volume 15, Issue 2, p.131-136, (1996) Abstract
C
Purification and characterization of protease activated by sulfur mustard in normal human epidermal keratinocytes, Chakrabarti, A. K., Ray P., Broomfield C. A., and Ray R. , Biochem Pharmacol, Aug 15, Volume 56, Issue 4, p.467-472, (1998) Abstract
Sulfur mustard increased proteolysis following in vitro and in vivo exposures, Cowan, F. M., Yourick J. J., Hurst C. G., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , The Toxicologist, Volume 12, p.112, (1992)
Inhibition of sulfur mustard-increased protease activity by niacinamide, N-acetyl-L-cysteine or dexamethasone, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Cell Biol Toxicol, Apr-Jun, Volume 8, Issue 2, p.129-138, (1992) Abstract
Suppression of sulfur mustard-increased IL-8 and TNF in human keratinocyte cell cultures by a novel anti-inflammatory drug: Implications for multi-threat medical countermeasure (MTMC) against nerve and blister agents, Cowan, F. M., Lefkowitz C. A., Broomfield C. A., Burstein S. H., and Smith W. J. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, Hunt Valley, MD, (2002)
Effect of sulfur exposure on protease activity in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Cell Biol Toxicol, Jul, Volume 7, Issue 3, p.239-248, (1991) Abstract
Suppression of sulfur mustard-increased IL-8 in human keratinocyte cell cultures by serine protease inhibitors: Implications for toxicity and medical countermeasures, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, Baltimore, MD, (2000)
Anti-inflammatory and morphocytotoxic actions of 4-methyl-2-mercaptopyridine-1-oxide in sulfur mustard-exposed skin and lung epithelial cell cultures: Implications for broad spectrum countermeasures, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., Nealley E. W., and Petrali J. P. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, Hunt Valley, MD, p.88, (2006) Abstract
Enhanced proteolytic activity and Fc receptor expression in human epithelial cells following exposure to sulfur mustard, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Toxicity Assessment Alternatives: Methods, Issues, Opportunities, Volume Chapter 16, p.185-191, (1999)
Sulfur mustard increased proteolysis following in vitro and in vivo exposures, Cowan, F. M., Yourick J. J., Hurst C. G., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proc of the Symposium - "Alkylating Agents", Centre d'Etudes du Bouchet, France, (1995)
Putative role of proteolysis in the inflammatory and neurological toxicity of nerve and blister chemical warfare agents, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., Lenz D. E., Shih T. - M., and Smith W. J. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, Baltimore, MD, (2000)
Sulfur mustard-increased proteolysis following in vitro and in vivo exposures, Cowan, F. M., Yourick J. J., Hurst C. G., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Cell Biol Toxicol, Jul-Sep, Volume 9, Issue 3, p.269-277, (1993) Abstract
Phenidone and hydroxyurea reduce sulfur mustard-increased proteolysis in hairless guinea pig skin, Cowan, F. M., Bongiovanni R., Broomfield C. A., Schulz S. M., and Smith W. J. , J Toxicol Cutaneous Ocul Toxicol, Volume 14, p.265-272, (1995) Abstract
Sulfur mustard exposure enhances Fc receptor expression on human epidermal keratinocytes in cell culture: implications for toxicity and medical countermeasures, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , J Cell Biol Toxicol, Aug, Volume 14, Issue 4, p.261-266, (1998) Abstract
Sulfur mustard-increased proteolysis following in vitro and in vivo exposures, Cowan, F. M., Yourick J. J., Hurst C. G., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proceedings of the U.S. Scientific Conference on Chemical Defense Research, Edgewood, MD, (1992)
Sulfur mustard increases elastase-like activity in homogenates of hairless guinea pig skin, Cowan, F., Bongiovanni R., Broomfield C. A., Yourick J. J., and Smith W. J. , Cutan Ocul Toxicol, Volume 13, Issue 3, p.221-229, (1994) Abstract
Enhanced proteolytic activity and Fc receptor expression in human epithelial cels following exposure to sulfur mustard, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, (1996)
A review of multi-threat medical countermeasures against chemical warfare and terrorism, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., Stojilijkovic M. P., and Smith W. J. , Mil Med, Volume 169, p.850-855, (2004) Abstract
Effect of sulfur mustard exposure on protease activity in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proceedings of the NATO, Panel VIII Meeting, Grenoble, France, (1991)
Suppression of sulfur mustard-increased IL-8 in human keratinocyte cell cultures by the COX inhibitor indomethacin, the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor 3-(4' bromophenyl) ureidobenzamide and the calmodulin antagonist fluphenazine, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, Hunt Valley, MD, (2002)
Inhibition of sulfur mustard-increased protease activity by niacinamide, N-acetyl-I-cysteine, or dexamethasone, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, (1991)
Exposure of human epidermal keratinocyte cell cultures to sulfur mustard promotes binding of complement C1q: implications for toxicity and medical countermeasures, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , J Appl Toxicol, Dec, Volume 20 Suppl 1, p.S77-80, (2000) Abstract
Putative roles of inflammation in the dermatopathology of sulfur mustard, Cowan, F. M., and Broomfield C. A. , Cell Biol Toxicol, Jul-Sep, Volume 9, Issue 3, p.201-213, (1993)
Sulfur mustard-increased proteolysis following in vitro and in vivo exposures, Cowan, F. M., Yourick J. J., Hurst C. G., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Pentagon Reports, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, p.8, (1993) Abstract
Sulfur mustard-increased elastase-like activity in homogenates of hairless guinea pig skin, Cowan, F. M., Bongiovanni R., Broomfield C. A., Yourick J. J., and Smith W. J. , J Toxicol Cutaneous Ocul Toxicol, Volume 13, p.221-229, (1994)
Sulfur mustard increased proteolysis in cultured human cells, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Advances in Alternatives for Safety and Efficacy Testing, Volume Chapter 28, p.277-283, (1998)
Sulfur mustard-increased proteolysis following in vitro and in vivo exposures, Cowan, F. M., Yourick J. J., Hurst C. G., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proceedings of the 31st Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, Volume 12, Seattle, WA, p.362, (1992) Abstract
Biochemical alterations in rat lung lavage fluid following acute sulfur mustard inhalation. II. Increases in proteolytic activity, Cowan, F. M., Anderson D., Broomfield C. A., Byers S. L., and Smith W. J. , Inhalation Toxicol., Volume 9, p.53-61, (1997) Abstract
Increased proteolytic activity in human epithelial cells following exposure to sulfur mustard, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proc of the NATO Panel 8 - RSG III Meeting, Salisbury, England, (1995)
Sulfur mustard-increased proteolysis following in vitro and in vivo exposures, Cowan, F. M., Yourick J. J., Hurst C. G., Bongiovanni R., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proc of the 20th Army Science Conference, Volume 2, p.705-709, (1996)
Increased proteolytic activity in human epithelial cells following exposure to sulfur mustard, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proc of the U.S. Army ERDEC Scientific Conference on Chemical and Biological Defense Research, (1995)
Suppression of sulfur mustard-increased IL-8 in human keratinocyte cell cultures by serine protease inhibitors: Implications for toxicity and medical countermeasures, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Alternative Toxicological Methods for the New Millennium, Volume Chapter 28, Boca Raton, FL, p.313-321, (2003)
Inhibition of sulfur mustard-increased protease activity by niacinamide, N-acetyl-I-cysteine, or desamethasone, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , FASEB J, Volume 5, p.A828, (1991)
Suppression of sulfur mustard-increased IL-8 in human keratinocyte cell cultures by serine protease inhibitors: implications for toxicity and medical countermeasures, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Cell Biol Toxicol, Volume 18, Issue 3, p.175-180, (2002) Abstract
Putative role of proteolysis and inflammatory response in the toxicity of nerve and blister chemical warfare agents: implications for multi-threat medical countermeasures, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., Lenz D. E., and Smith W. J. , J Appl Toxicol, May-Jun, Volume 23, Issue 3, p.177-186, (2003) Abstract
Exposure of human epidermal keratinocyte cell cultures to sulfur mustard promotes binding of complement C1q: Implications for toxicity and medical countermeasures, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, Baltimore, MD, (1998)
Sulfur mustard increased proteolysis following in vitro and in vivo exposures, Cowan, F. M., Yourick J. J., Hurst C. G., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proc of the USA-Israel Bilateral Medical Research & Development Symposium: The "Shoresh" Conference, (1994)
Putative role of proteolysis and inflammatory response in the toxicity of nerve and blister chemical warfare agents: implications for multi-threat medical countermeasures, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., Lenz D. E., and Smith W. J. , J.Appl.Toxicol., 05, Volume 23, Issue 3, p.177-186, (2003) Abstract
Sulfur Mustard-Increased Proteolysis Following In Vitro and In Vivo Exposures, Cowan, F. M., Yourick J. J., Hurst C. G., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , Proceedings of the 1993 Medical Defense Bioscience Review, Baltimore, MD, p.49-55, (1993)
Sulfur mustard-increased proteolysis in hairless guinea pig skin is inhibited by phenidone and hydroxyurea, Cowan, F. M., Bongiovanni R., Broomfield C. A., Schulz S. M., and Smith W. J. , Proc of the NATO Panel 8 - RSG III Meeting, Munich, (1994)
Sulfur mustard exposure enhances Fc receptor expression in human epidermal keratinocytes in cell culture: Implications for toxicity and medical countermeasures, Cowan, F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Smith W. J. , U.S.Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Issue 1, p.12, (1997)
K
Immunologic cytokine expression in human keratinocytes after exposure to sulfur mustard, Kurt, E. M., Schafer R. J., and Broomfield C. A. , J Am Coll Toxicol, Volume 15, Issue Suppl. 2, p.S32-S35, (1997) Abstract
M
Exposure of human lymphocytes to bis-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide solubilizes truncated and intact core histones, Millard, C. B., Meier H. L., and Broomfield C. A. , Biochim Biophys Acta, Dec 30, Volume 1224, Issue 3, p.389-394, (1994) Abstract
Cutaneous exposure to bis-(2-chloroethyl)sulfide results in neutrophil infiltration and increased solubility of 180,000 Mr subepidermal collagens, Millard, C. B., Bongiovanni R., and Broomfield C. A. , Biochem Pharmacol, May 15, Volume 53, Issue 10, p.1405-1412, (1997) Abstract
R
Sulfur mustard-stimulated protease: a target for antivesicant drugs, Ray, P., Chakrabarti A. K., Broomfield C. A., and Ray R. , J Appl Toxicol, Mar-Apr, Volume 22, Issue 2, p.139-140, (2002) Abstract
Sulfur mustard-stimulated protease: A target for antivesicant drugs, Ray, P., Chakrabarti A., Berman J. D., Monroe F., Broomfield C. A., and Ray R. , Alternative Toxicological Methods for the 21st Century: Protecting Human Health and Advancing Animal Welfare Meeting, December 1-4, Bethesda, MD, (1998)
A calcium-mediated mechanism of membrane fluidity alteration due to sulfur mustard in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK), Ray, R., Majerus B. J., and Broomfield C. A. , American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - American Chemical Society Joint Meeting, May 21-25, 1995, San Francisco, CA, (1995)
Effect of sulfur mustard on the intracellular free calcium level and membrane fluidity in normal human epidermal keratinocytes, Ray, R., Majerus B. J., and Broomfield C. A. , Proc. of the NATO RSG-III Meeting, April 25-29, Munich, Germany, (1994)
Mechanism of action of sulfur mustards: Calcium-mediated membrane effects, Ray, R., Legere R. H., Broomfield C. A., Petrali J. P., and Majerus B. J. , U.S./Israeli Defense Force Conference, November 1-6, Annapolis, MD, (1992)
Mechanism of action of bis-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide (sulfur mustard): Membrane effects in neuroblastoma-glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells, Ray, R., Legere R. H., and Broomfield C. A. , The Pharmacologist, Volume 33(3), p.199, (1991)
Calcium-dependent mechanisms of sulfur mustard toxicity and its protection, Ray, R., Benton B. J., Broomfield C. A., Anderson D., Byers S. L., Petrali J. P., and Bhat K. R. , Proceedings of the NATO RSG-III Panel VIII Meeting on Proceedings, Volume I, p.479-488, (1997)
Sulfur mustard-stimulated protease: A target for antivesicant drugs, Ray, P., Chakrabarti A., Berman J. D., Monroe F., Broomfield C. A., and Ray R. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, APG, MD, (1998)
Sulfur mustard-stimulated protease: A target for antivesicant drugs, Ray, P., Ali S. T., Chakrabarti A., Berman J. D., Broomfield C. A., and Ray R. , Proc. of the NATO RSG-III Panel VIII Meeting on Proceedings, Volume I, p.411-417, (1997)
In vitro studies on the mechanism of action of sulfur mustard using cell culture model, Ray, R., Majerus B. J., Broomfield C. A., Munavalli G. S., and Petrali J. P. , Proc. of the ERDEC Conference on Chemical Defense Research, November 16-19, APG, MD, (1993)
Sulfur mustard induced alteration in intracellular free calcium and membrane fluidity, Ray, R., Majerus B. J., and Broomfield C. A. , XII International Congress of Pharmacology, Montreal, Canada, (1994)
Membrane alterations due to alkylating agents, Ray, R., Legere R. H., Broomfield C. A., and Petrali J. P. , The Pharmacologist, Volume 34, p.174, (1992)
Calcium-dependent mechanisms of sulfur mustard toxicity and its protection, Ray, R., Benton B. J., Broomfield C. A., Anderson D. R., Byers S. L., Petrali J. P., and Bhat K. R. , 17th International Congress of Biochemistry Meeting, August 24-29, San Francisco, CA, (1996)
Sulfur mustard-stimulated protease: A target for antivesicant drugs, Ray, P., Chakrabarti A., Broomfield C. A., and Ray R. , J Appl Toxicol (S51), Volume 21, p.S1, (2001)
Sulfur mustard - stimulated protease: A target for antivesicant drugs, Ray, P., Ali T., Chakrabarti A., Berman J. D., Plateboroz P., Broomfield C. A., and Ray R. , Proceedings of the NATO RSG-3 panel VIII mtg., Volume 1, p.411-416, (1997)
A calcium-mediated mechanism of membrane fluidity alteration due to sulfur mustard in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK), Ray, R., Majerus B. J., and Broomfield C. A. , Proc. of the NATO RSG-III, September, Porton Down, UK, (1995)
Effect of sulfur mustard on the intracellular free calcium level and membrane fluidity in normal human epidermal keratinocytes, Ray, R., Majerus B. J., and Broomfield C. A. , Proc. of the ERDEC Conference on Chemical Defense Research, November 15-18, APG, MD, (1994)
Sulfur mustard-induced decrease in membrane fluidity, Ray, R., Legere R. H., and Broomfield C. A. , International J of Toxicol, Volume 15 (Suppl. 2), p.S2-S8, (1997) Abstract
Calcium-dependent mechanisms of sulfur mustard toxicity and its protection, Ray, R., Benton B. J., Broomfield C. A., Anderson D. R., Byers S. L., Petrali J. P., and Bhat K. R. , Proc of the 17th International Congress of Biochemistry Meeting, San Francisco, CA, (1997)
S
A review of multi-threat medical countermeasures against chemical warfare and terrorism, Smith, W. J., Cowan F. M., Broomfield C. A., and Stojiljkovic M. P. , Pentagon Reports, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, p.7, (2004) Abstract
Increased proteolytic activity in human epithelial cells following exposure to sulfur mustard, Smith, W. J., Cowan F. M., and Broomfield C. A. , FASEB J, Volume 5, p.A828, (1991)
Increased proteolytic activity in human epithelial cells following exposure to sulfur mustard, Smith, W. J., Cowan F. M., and Broomfield C. A. , Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, (1991)